The BIS has been exploring the DeFi house for a while now. In 2023, the BIS stated it labored with the central banks of France, Singapore and Switzerland to efficiently check cross-border buying and selling of wholesale central financial institution digital currencies and DeFi parts – particularly automated market makers. In 2022, two BIS papers stated that DeFi may result in bumpier monetary markets and should not repair the issue of huge intermediaries dominating.